`1` He adores playing chess with his sister

`->` He is interested in playing chess with his sister.

Cấu trúc: $be$ $interested$ $in + Ving$: hứng thú $= adore + Ving$: yêu thích

`2.` "I will hand in my assignment to the teacher tomorrow ". She said

`->` She said she would hand in her assignment to the teacher the day after.

`3.` Radioactive pollution is very dangerous. It can cause abnormal growth.

`->` Since radioactive pollution cause abnormal growth, it is very dangerous.

`-` Since = Because: Bởi vì

`-` Since + Clause, clause

`-` Dịch: Vì ô nhiễm phóng xạ gây ra sự phát triển bất thường nên rất nguy hiểm.

`4.` They built that school two years ago

`->` That school was built two years ago.

`-` `DHNB`: ago `->` Thì quá khứ đơn

`-` Cấu trúc bị động

$(+) S + were/was + V3$

`-` "That school" là ngôi số ít nên to be là "was"

`5.` How long has she learnt English ?

`->` When did she start learning English?

`-` How long: bao lâu

`-` When: Khi nào

`-` start + Ving: bắt đầu

$1.$ He is interested in playing chess with his sister.

- love + V-ing = to be interested in + V-ing (v.): thích/ có hứng thú với việc gì.

$2.$ She said that she would hand her assignment to the teacher the next day.

- Câu tường thuật trần thuật: S + said + (to O) + (that) + S + V (Lùi thì).

- Thay đổi từ: I $→$ she $;$ my $→$ her $;$ tomorrow $→$ the next day.

$3.$ Since radioactive pollution can cause abnormal growth, it is very dangerous.

- Since + S + V, S + V: Bởi vì.

- Dùng để giải thích nguyên nhân của hành động.

$4.$ That school was built two years ago.

- "two years ago": mốc thời gian trong quá khứ.

$→$ Thì quá khứ đơn.

- Do chủ ngữ "That school" không gây ra hành động.

$→$ Câu bị động thì quá khứ đơn: S + was/ were + (not) + V (P_II) + (by O).

$5.$ When did she learn English?

- When + did + S + V (Bare) = How long + have/ has + S + V3?