4. They provided food then cleared up the debris.

→ After they had provided food, they cleared up the debris.

  After S + V_QKHT, S + V_QKĐ

Diễn tả hành động xảy ra sau một hành động khác trong QK

5. I don’t know her number, so I don’t ring her up.

→ If I knew her number, I would ring her up.

6. I don’t know the answer, so I can’t tell you.

→ If I knew the answer, I could tell you.

Câu đk loại 2: Diễn tả một điều kiện đã KHÔNG xảy ra ở HIỆN TẠI.

If + QKĐ, S + would/could... (not)+V_inf

7. They will do the test well. They will review them all hard.

→ If they review them all hard, they will do the test well.

 Nếu họ ôn tập chăm chỉ, họ sẽ làm tốt bài thi.

Câu điều kiện loại 1:

Diễn tả điều kiện mà người nói CÓ THỂ (hoặc 100% CÓ) xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc trong tương lai:

If + HTĐ, S + will/ can/ should/ ought to... (not) +V_inf

Unless/If not + S + HTĐ, S + will/ can/ should/ ought to... (not) +V_inf

8. The rescue workers evacuated the villagers in the raged flood to the safe place last night.

→ The villagers in the raged flood were evacuated to the safe place last night by the rescue workers.

Thì QKĐ: S + was/were + V_ed/P.II + by O

9. The students will provide aids for the homeless people tomorrow.

→ Aids will be provided for the homeless people by the students tomorrow.

Thì TLĐ: S+ will be + V_ed/P.II + by O  

10. The people will protect the environment now. The environment will be nicer. ( ĐK loại 1)

→ If the people protect the environment now, the enviroment will be nicer.

11. They don’t have a map, so they got lost ( ĐK loại 2)

→ If they had a map, they wouldn't get lost.

12. The storm destroyed many houses in this village last week.

→ Many houses  were destroyed in this village by the storm last week.

Nếu trong câu có cả địa điểm và thời gian thì theo quy tắc:

S + be (tùy thì) + V_ed/P.II + địa điểm+ by O + thời gian.

13. Someone has stolen by bicycle.

→ My bicycle has been stolen.

Thì HTHT:  have/has been + V_ed/P.II + by O 

14. If he doesn’t work hard, he will not pass his exam.

→ Unless he works hard, he will not pass his exam.

15. I don’t have free time , so I can’t go some where.

→ If I had free time, I could go some where.

16. Vy ate a lot last night , so she had a stomachache.

→ Because Vy ate a lot last night, she had a stomachache.

Bởi vì tối qua Vy ăn nhiều, cô ấy bị đau bụng.

17. There was a loud noise next to my door last night, so I couldn’t sleep.

→ Because there was a loud noise next to my door last night, I couldn't sleep.

Bởi vì có tiếng động lớn cạnh cửa nhà tôi vào đêm qua, tôi không thể ngủ được.

BECAUSE + S + V, S + V...

18. Tornadoes can move objects as big as a car.

→ Objects can be moved as big as a car by tornadoes.

Modals:

S + modals + Vinf

(Modals: can/ could/ will/would/ should/ must/ ought to/ may/ might/ used to/ be going to/ have to)

S + modals + be + V_ed/P.II + by O