The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This caused many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risk of accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is difficult to persuade people to change habits and leaves their cars at home. One possible approach is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by increasing charges for parking and bringing in tougher fines for anyone who breaks the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at differ times of the day. This system, known as road pricing has already been introduced in a number of cities, using a special electronic card fixed to the windscreen of the car. Of course, the most important thing is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares kept at an acceptable level. Glossary: persuade (v.) (~ sb to do sth): thuyết phục (ai làm gì) tough (adj.) = difficult; strict: khó; nghiêm khăc a tough fine: phạt tiền thật nặng reliable (adj.): đáng tin cậy 38. The word expand in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____________________. A. decrease B. increase C. reduce D. develop 39. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem caused by more traffic? A. serious air pollution B. greater risks of accidents C. people’s habits D. very long delays 40. The most important thing to encourage people to use public transport is _________________ A. high parking fees B. good public transport C. road using fees D. high charges for public transport 41. The verb give up is closest in meaning to ______________________. A. continue using B. encourage C. get bored with D. stop using 42. We can learn from the text that _______________. A. it is easy for people to change their habits B. many people will not drive expensive cars C. more people will use public transport if it is cheap, reliable and comfortable D. pollution and lengthy delays cause people to leave their cars at home