1. It takes me three hours to do my homework every day.

It takes + somebody + (time) + to V

2. Jack asked Nancy if someone had phoned her for an hour.

Thì quá khứ đơn chuyển thành thì quá khứ hoàn thành: S + asked (+O) + if/whether + S + had + VII 

3. Sue has been interested in healthy eating for 3 years.

S + began/started + V-ing/to V + time + ago

⇒ S + have/has + VII + since (+thời điểm)/for (time)

4. Because the weather was lovely, we spent the whole day in the garden.

Because of + Noun/ Pronoun/ Noun phrase 

⇒ Because + the/a/an + adj + Noun......

5. The lights were turned off when I went out.

Cấu trúc bị động của thì quá khứ đơn: S + was/were + VII (+by O)