an ("apple" bắt đầu bằng 1 nguyên âm)

any (dùng trong câu nghi vấn và phủ định)

some (dùng trong câu khẳng định)

How many (+ N đếm được)

kilo (=cân, kilogram. loại "litre" vì chỉ dùng để đo thể lỏng)

some (dùng trong câu khẳng định)

some (dùng trong câu khẳng định)

How much (+ N không đếm được)

spoons (three spoons of sour cream (phr adj): 3 thìa kem chua)

bag 

How many (+ N đếm được)

any (dùng trong câu nghi vấn và phủ định)

bar (bar of butter: thanh/thỏi bơ)

Lucy: How about making a/ an apple pie?
Alan: Great idea! Have we got some/ any apples?
Lucy: Yes, there are some/ any in the bowl. How much/ many do we need?
Alan: A lot, about a kilo/ litre.
Lucy: We haven’t got enough. We can buy some/ any in the corner shop.
Alan: And we need some/ any flour, too. Look at the recipe. How much/ many flour do we need?
Lucy: About half a pound. And we need three knives/ spoons of sour cream so let’s buy a small tub/ bag, too.
Alan: And how much/ many eggs do we need?
Sue: Four. And we also need some/ any butter and some/ any sugar. Oh, we haven’t got some/ any butter.
Andy: We can buy a bar/ tin of butter in the shop, too.