The Temple of Literature was built in the year ( 1070 ), which is the second year of Than Vu of the Ly Thanh Tong dynasty (Dai Viet historical records toan thu. Social Science Publishing House, Hanoi, volume 1, p.234) recorded: "Autumn" In August, he built a Temple of Literature, built a statue of Confucius , Chu Cong and Tu Mai , painted a statue of the Seven Twelve Sages , and the four seasons of sacrifice. The crown prince went there to study." ^[2] . Thus, the Temple of Literature, in addition to the function of worshiping the immortals and teachers of Confucianism, also carried the function of a royal school, whose first student was Crown Prince Ly Can Duc , the son of King Ly Thanh Tong and Nguyen Phi. Ỷ Lan , then 5 years old, in 1072ascended the throne to become King Ly Nhan Tong .

In 1076 , Ly Nhan Tong took the stance that Quoc Tu Giam was next to the Temple of Literature, which can be considered the first university in Vietnam. Initially, the school was only for the children of the king and the children of great nobles (so it was called Quoc Tu). (Viet Su Thong giac muc. Publishing House of Literature and Geography, 1957) writes: "Binh Thin, the 1st year of Anh Vu Chieu Thang, April... founded the Quoc Tu Giam house; recruited from among the literary gods, people with literature were recruited. study, add to it". In 1156 , Ly Anh Tong repaired the Temple of Literature and worshiped only Confucius .

In the 3rd Nguyen Phong year 1253 , King Tran Thai Tong changed Quoc Tu Giam into Quoc Hoc Academy to expand and accept the children of ordinary people with excellent academic ability. The function of Quoc Hoc school is becoming more and more prominent than that of a place of worship "the third year of the Ox(1253)... In June, the National Academy was established to paint statues of Confucius , Zhou Gong and A Saint , drawing statues of 72 people. sage to worship ... in September down projection for domestic scholars to study the National Academy faculty quartet mail , continental trade "(DVSKTT). Taking Pham Ung Than to hold the position of Senior Secretary of the National Academy of Sciences and to take care of the academic work at Quoc Tu Giam.

During the reign of Tran Minh Tong , Chu Van An was appointed as Quoc Tu Giam Tu Giam (principal) and direct teacher of the princes. In 1370, he died, and was worshiped by King Tran Nghe Tong at the Temple of Literature next to Confucius .

In the Later Le period , Confucianism was very popular. In 1484 , Le Thanh Tong erected the stele of those who passed the doctorate exam from 1442 onward (the policy was proposed in 1442 but not yet implemented). Each faculty, a stele placed on the back of the turtle. By that year, the Le Dynasty had organized 12 advanced exams, Le Thanh Tong (1460-1497) held it regularly every three years, exactly 12 exams.

Not every exam that has been conducted will be engraved with a stele immediately, not a stele that has been built will last forever, without damage, without loss. From time to time, there were major reconstructions and reconstructions, such as in 1653 (Thinh Duc in the first year, in 1717 (Vinh Thinh in the 13th year).

At the end of the Le Dynasty, the Canh Hung Dynasty, the stele was still engraved regularly. Although it can no longer keep enough beer, the sculptor is valuable and historical documents are precious.

In 1762 , Le Hien Tong revised it to be Quoc Tu Giam - a high-class training and educational institution of the court.

During the Nguyen Dynasty , Quoc Tu Giam was established in Hue . In 1802 , King Gia Long fixed this as the Temple of Literature - Hanoi. The Governor of the North citadel Nguyen Van Thanh allowed to build more Khue Van Cac next to the square well. Thus, at the beginning of the Nguyen Dynasty, the Temple of Literature of Thang Long was once renovated to only be the Temple of Literature of Bac Thanh town, later changed to the Temple of Literature in Hanoi. As for Quoc Tu Giam, it was changed to a school of Hoai Duc government and then in this area built Khai Thanh temple to worship Confucius's parents .

In early 1947 , the French colonialists fired cannonballs and collapsed the house, leaving only the foundation with two stone pillars and four stone pillars . Today, the entire Thai Hoc area was built with an area of ​​1530m2 out of a total area of ​​6150m2, including the main architectural works of Tien Duong, Hau Duong, Ta Vu, Huu Vu, bell house, empty house modeled after architecture. tradition on the ancient land of Quoc Tu Giam.

Temple of Literature is located in Dong Da district, Hanoi, right in the middle of 4 main streets including Nguyen Thai Hoc, Ton Duc Thang, Temple of Literature and Quoc Tu Giam. Traveling to Hanoi with thousands of years of civilization, this is definitely a place that you should visit. Van Mieu was built in 1070 under King Ly Thanh Tong, is a place to worship Confucius, Chu Cong and Tu Ma. In 1076, King Ly Nhan Tong established Quoc Tu Giam next to a university dedicated to the king's children and noble families. In the reign of King Tran Thai Tong, Quoc Tu Giam was renamed to Quoc Tu Giam and accepted the children of ordinary people with excellent academic ability. The Van Mieu - Quoc Tu Giam relic complex is currently located on a large campus of 54331 m2, including many different small architectural works. The campus is surrounded by bricks. After many renovations, this relic complex includes: Ho Van This is a clear lake, surrounded by shady trees, a mound floating in the middle of the lake has a beautiful small architecture hidden under luxuriant branches, This scene opens an architectural area that will become a mirror, doubling the scene, having the effect of causing visitors a feeling of cool and gentle right from the moment they set foot in the architecture. The Temple of Literature means the outer gate of the three gates. The gate has three doors, the middle door is tall and built 2 floors. The upper floor has three characters  (Temple of Literature). The architectural design of the Temple of Literature has many unique features that are worth noting while studying the ancient architecture of Vietnam. From the outside, there are 3 separate architectures. The main door in the middle is actually built on 2 floors. Square surface. The lower floor is large, the upper floor is small, overlapping the middle of the lower floor. Doctor's stele And this is also the most valuable relic here, 82 stele of Doctor. These are authentic historical documents, recording the results of the doctoral exam from 1442 to 1779, belonging to the early Le, Mac and Le Trung Hung dynasties (from the 15th century to the 18th century). Each stele stands for an exam. The inscriptions on the stele are a rich source of historical documents about an exam. These 82 steles are valuable historical sources, reflecting the history of Vietnamese education during 300 years. Dai Trung Mon The entrance door of Dai Trung Mon is made in the style of 3 compartments, built on a high brick foundation, with a tiled roof. Comedian hat, there are two rows of columns on the front and back porch, in the middle is a row of columns to support the roof. In the middle of the gate hangs a small sign with 3 words painted in DAI TRUNG MON. Khue Van Cac and Thien Quang Well. Khue Van Cac architecture is very harmonious and unique. The lower floor is 4 square brick pillars, each side of the pillar is one meter long and on the pillars are carved very sophisticated and sharp patterns. The upper floor is a gilded wooden architecture, except for the roof and the decorative parts of the roof corner or on the roof are made of durable terracotta or sand lime. The upper edge of the roof near the outside door hangs a painted sign. 3 gold letter  (Khue Van Cac). Next to it is Thien Quang well, an ancient well with mossy green water. Dai Thanh Mon. Like Dai Trung Gate, Dai Thanh Gate is a 3-room architecture with two rows of columns, front and back porches and a row of columns in the middle. In the middle, on the roof border, there is a horizontal painting with 3 characters (Dai Thanh Mon) inscribed, read from right to left. Dai Thanh Gate (door of great success), opening the area of The main buildings, the place of worshiping Confucius, Chu Cong, Tu Phoi, Seven Thirteen sages, etc.. and also the teaching place of the old school, bearing a meaningful name, the idea is that it is no longer possible to choose a name. Which has better meaning.Thai Hoc House .Thai Hoc House Thai Hoc House consists of 3 compartments with walled walls, roofed with copper tiles.Teachers are located in the east and west, both rows have 14 rooms.Students' classrooms are three. There are 3 rows of rooms, each row has 25 compartments and each booth has 2 people.

Temple of Literature Quoc Tu Giam is one of the famous historical relics of Vietnam, typical evidence for the studious spirit of the Vietnamese nation. In addition to the lecture on Quoc Tu Giam Temple of Literature, you can also refer to the following articles: Notes on Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park, Notes on Thien Mu Pagoda, Notes on Ha Bay Scenic Landscapes Long, Explanation of a Historic Site of Hung Temple - The Ancestral Land of Dragons and Fairy descendants