` -> ` 15 : The numb has been sung by him for 5 years

` -> ` Bị động HTHT : S + have/ has + VPII + by + O

` -> ` 16 : Henry has taught English since 2020

` -> ` HTHT + since : S + have / has + VPII + since + mốc TG / QKĐ

` -> ` 17 : How long have you played basketball?

` -> ` How long + have / has + S + VPII

15. "The Numb" song has been sung by him for 5 years.

$\textit{The last(QKĐ):}$ The last + Ved/VPI + (O) + khoảng thời gian + ago

= $\textit{HTHT:}$ S + have/has + VPII + (O) + for + khoảng thời gian.

`\text{HT Hoàn Thành bị động}`

S + have/has + been + VPII + (by + O) + (time).

16. Henry has taught English since 2020.

`\text{QKĐ:}` S + began + to Vinf + (O) + in + mốc thời gian.

= `\text{HT hoàn thành:}` S + have/has + VPII + (O) + since + mốc thời gian.

17. How long have you played basketball?

`\text{QKĐ:}` When + did + S + start + Ving + (O)?

= `\text{HT Hoàn thành:}` How long + have/has + S + VPII + (O)?