`1.`It has rained since 2 o'clock.

`2.`He has learnt French since he was 18.

`3.`Ba started collecting stamps in 2015.

`4.`It is 10 years since they last lived here.

`5.`His uncle began repairing the car this morning.

`=>`Giải thích :

`*`S + started + Ving/to V + time ( thời gian trong quá khứ )

`=`S + have/has + Vpp + since/for + time

`*`S + began + Ving/to V + time ( thời gian trong quá khứ )

`=`S + have/has + Vpp + since/for + time

* Note :

+) since + mốc thời gian

`eg` : I have studied English since 2012.

`eg` : Mary has lived in Da Nang since she was 18.

+) for + khoảng thời gian

`eg` : He has played football for 2 weeks.

`*`It is + time + S ( last ) + V2/ed

Công thức:

S + have / has + V3/ed …+ for / since + time.
S + started / began + to V / V-ing… + time.

It is + time + since + S + started / began + to V / V-ing…
has been

Time:

for… → …ago
since + SVO → when + SVO
since + thứ/ngày → on + thứ/ngày
since + tháng/năm → in + tháng/năm
since + giờ/lễ → at + giờ/lễ
since + yesterday → yesterday
since + last (week) → last (week)

1. It started to rain at 2 o’clock.
→ It has rained since 2 o’clock.
2. He started learning French when he was 18.
→ He has learnt French since he was 18.
3. Ba has collected stamps since 2015.
→ Ba started to collect / collecting stampsin 2015.
4. They began living here 10 years ago.
→ It is 10 years since they began living here.
5. His uncle has repaired the car since this morning.
→ His uncle began to repair / repairing the carthis morning.