`1.` I spend two hours cycling every day

`-` S + spend/ spends/ spent + khoảng thời gian + V_ing

`-` It + takes/ took + O + khoảng thời gian + to + V_inf

`2.` I haven't seen Bob for two years

`-` S + has/ have + (not) + V_ed/ V3 + for + khoảng thời gian

`-` The last time + S + V_ed/ V2 + was + khoảng thời gian + ago

`3.` Although Kim eats fruits and veggies every day, she keep gaining weight

`-` Although + S + V, S + V (Hai mệnh đề đối lập nhau)

`-` S + V, but S + V (Hai mệnh đề đối lập nhau)

`4.` We all think making pottery is difficult because it takes a lot of time

`-` S + think/ thinks + V_ing + is + adj

`-` S + find/ finds + V_ing + adj

`5.` How long have you learned English?

`-` When + did + S + start + V_ing?

`-` How long + have/ has + S + V_ed/ V3?

1. I spend two hours cycling every day (S + spend + time/money + doing s.th = It + take + time/money + to do s.th)

2. I haven't seen Bob for 2 years (S + have/has + not + Vp.p + for + khoảng thời gian = The last time + S + V_ed/2 + was + khoảng thời gian + ago)

3. Although Kim eats fruits and veggies every day, she keep gaining weight (Clause1, but + Clause2 = Although + Clause1, Clause2: mặc dù)

4. We all think making pottery is difficult because it takes a lot of time (think s.th/doing s.th + tobe + adj = find s.th/doing s.th + adj: nghĩ cái gì/việc gì như thế nào)

5. How long have you learnt English? (How long + have/has + S + Vp.p? = When + did + S + start/begin + V_ing/to-V?)