Sweden (Swedish: Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sverige), is a kingdom in Northern Europe bordered by Norway in the west and Finland in the northeast, linked with Denmark is by the Öresund Bridge in the south, the rest of the border borders the Baltic Sea and the Kattegat Sea.

With an area of ​​449 964 km², Sweden is the third largest country in the European Union, with a population of 10.2 million people, of which about 2.4 million were born abroad [6]. Sweden has a low population density of 21 persons / km² but is highly concentrated in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas and this number is expected to increase gradually as urbanization is occurring. [7] The capital of Sweden is Stockholm, which is also the largest city in the country. The second largest city is Göteborg with a population of around 500,000 and 900,000 in total. The third largest city is Malmö with a population of around 260,000 and 650,000 in the total region. Today, Sweden is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system. The legislative power of the country rests with the unicameral Congress (Riksdag) of 349 delegates. Executive power is exercised by the government chaired by the prime minister. Sweden is a single state, divided into 21 counties and 290 municipalities.

An independent Swedish state appeared in the early 12th century. After the outbreak of the Black Death epidemic in the mid-14th century killed about a third of Scandinavian population [8] [9], the Hanse Coalition emerges and becomes a cultural, financial and linguistic threat to Scandinavians [ambiguous - discussion]. This led to the formation of the Kalmar Coalition between Scandinavian countries in 1397 [10], however then Sweden left the Union in 1523. When Sweden entered the Thirty Years' War on the side. New religion, they began the process of expanding their territory and shortly