Đáp án:

$\begin{array}{l}
\frac{{2\left( {1 - 3x} \right)}}{5} - \frac{{2 + 3x}}{{10}} = 7 - \frac{{3\left( {2x + 1} \right)}}{4}\\
 \Rightarrow \frac{{4.2\left( {1 - 3x} \right) - 2\left( {2 + 3x} \right)}}{{20}} = \frac{{7.20 - 5.3\left( {2x + 1} \right)}}{{20}}\\
 \Rightarrow 8 - 24x - 4 - 6x = 140 - 30x - 15\\
 \Rightarrow 4 = 125\left( {ktm} \right)
\end{array}$

Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm

$\begin{array}{l}
\frac{{5x + 2}}{6} - \frac{{8x - 1}}{3} = \frac{{4x + 2}}{5} - 5\\
 \Rightarrow \frac{{5\left( {5x + 2} \right) - 10\left( {8x - 1} \right)}}{{30}} = \frac{{6\left( {4x + 2} \right) - 5.30}}{{30}}\\
 \Rightarrow 25x + 10 - 80x + 10 = 24x + 12 - 150\\
 \Rightarrow 24x + 80x - 25x = 20 - 12 + 150\\
 \Rightarrow 79x = 158\\
 \Rightarrow x = 2
\end{array}$

Vậy x=2