A. \(\frac{2}{{27}}\)
B.\(\frac{1}{{18}}.\)
C.\(\frac{1}{9}.\)
D. \(\frac{2}{9}.\)
A
Gọi \(O\) là tâm hình bình hành \(ABCD.\)
Trong \(\left( {SBD} \right)\) gọi \(I = FH \cap SO \Rightarrow \frac{{SI}}{{SO}} = \frac{2}{3}.\)
Trong \(\left( {SAC} \right)\) gọi \(J = EG \cap SO \Rightarrow \frac{{SJ}}{{SO}} = \frac{1}{3}.\)
\(\frac{{{V_{SEJF}}}}{{{V_{SAON}}}} = \frac{{SE}}{{SA}}.\frac{{SJ}}{{SO}}.\frac{{SF}}{{SB}} = \frac{1}{3}.\frac{1}{3}.\frac{2}{3} = \frac{2}{{27}}.\)
\( \Rightarrow {V_{SEJF}} = \frac{2}{{27}}{V_{SAOB}} = \frac{2}{{27}}.\frac{1}{4}{V_{S.ABCD}} = \frac{1}{{54}}{V_{S.ABCD}}\)
\(\frac{{{V_{SEIF}}}}{{{V_{SAOB}}}} = \frac{{SE}}{{SA}}.\frac{{SI}}{{SO}}.\frac{{SF}}{{SB}} = \frac{1}{3}.\frac{2}{3}.\frac{2}{3} = \frac{4}{{27}}.\)
\( \Rightarrow {V_{SEIF}} = \frac{4}{{27}}{V_{SAOB}} = \frac{4}{{27}}.\frac{1}{4}{V_{S.ABCD}} = \frac{1}{{27}}{V_{S.ABCD}}.\)
\({V_{F.EIJ}} = {V_{S.EIJ}} - {V_{SEJF}} = \frac{1}{{27}}{V_{S.ABCD}} - \frac{1}{{54}}{V_{S.ABCD}} = \frac{1}{{54}}{V_{S.ABCD}}\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta có:
\({V_{F.IJG}} = {V_{H.IJG}} = {V_{H.IJE}} = \frac{1}{{54}}{V_{S.ABCD}}.\)
\({V_{EFGH}} = {V_{F.EJI}} + {V_{F.IJG}} + {V_{H.IJG}} + {V_{H.IJE}} = \frac{4}{{54}}{V_{S.ABCD}} = \frac{2}{{27}}{V_{S.ABCD}}\)
\( \Rightarrow \frac{{{V_{EFGH}}}}{{{V_{S.ABCD}}}} = \frac{2}{{27}}.\)
Đáp án A
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