1.

$C_6H_{12}O_6\xrightarrow{\text{men rượu}}2C_2H_5OH+2CO_2$
$CO_2+KOH\xrightarrow{}KHCO_3$ (1)
$CO_2+2KOH\xrightarrow{}K_2CO_3+H_2O$ (2)

$C_2H_5OH+K\xrightarrow{}C_2H_5OK+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2$(3)

$C_2H_5OH+O_2\xrightarrow{\text{men giấm}}CH_3COOH+H_2O$
$CH_3COOH+KOH\xrightarrow{}CH_3COOK+H_2O$(4)
$(1)(2)(3)(4)$ đều là 4 muối của Kali chứa C.

2.

$C_6H_{12}O_6\xrightarrow{\text{men rượu}}2C_2H_5OH+2CO_2$

$2C_2H_5OH\xrightarrow{140^oC, H_2SO_4 \text{ loãng}}C_2H_5OC_2H_5+H_2O$

( $\text{tên ete: đietyl ete}$)

$C_2H_5OH+O_2\xrightarrow{\text{men giấm}}CH_3COOH+H_2O$

$CH_3COOH+C_2H_5OH⇆CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O$( đk: $H_2SO_4$ đặc, $t^o$)

$\text{tên este: etyl axetat}$

1. C6H12O6→2C2H5OH+2CO2(lên men rượu)

CO2+KOH→KHCO3

CO2+2KOH→K2CO3+H2O

C2H5OH+K→C2H5OK+1/2H2

C2H5OH+O2→CH3COOH+H2O(lên men giấm)

CH3COOH+K→CH3COOK+1/2H2

2.

C6H12O6→2C2H5OH+2CO2(lên men rượu)

2C2H5OH→C2H5OC2H5+H2O(140 độ, H2SO4 loãng)

ete: đietyl ete

C2H5OH+O2→CH3COOH+H2O(lên men giấm)

CH3COOH+C2H5OH↔CH3COOC2H5+H2O(H2SO4 đặc, nhiệt độ)