a) 648 : 3 = ?
\(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,648}\\
6
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
3\\
\hline
{216}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{04}\\
{\,\,\,3}
\end{array}} \\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,18}\\
{\,\,\,18}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\)
648 : 3 = ?
2 nhân 3 bằng 6 ; 6 trừ 6 bằng 0.
1 nhân 3 bằng 3 ; 4 trừ 3 bằng 1.
6 nhân 3 bằng 18 ; 18 trừ 18 bằng 0.
b) 236 : 5 = ?
\(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{236}\\
{20}
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
5\\
\hline
{47}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,36}\\
{\,\,\,35}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,1
\end{array}\)
236 : 5 = ... (dư ...)
4 nhân 5 bằng 20 ; 23 trừ 20 bằng 3.
7 nhân 5 bằng 35 ; 36 trừ 35 bằng 1.
a) 560 : 8 = ?
\(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{560}\\
{56}
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
8\\
\hline
{70}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,00}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,0}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\)
560 : 8 = ...
7 nhân 8 bằng 56 ; 56 trừ 56 bằng 0.
0 nhân 8 bằng 0 ; 0 trừ 0 bằng 0.
b) 632 : 7 = ?
\(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{632}\\
{63}
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
7\\
\hline
{90}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,02}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,0}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,2
\end{array}\)
632 : 7 = ... (dư ...)
9 nhân 7 bằng 63 ; 63 trừ 63 bằng 0.
0 nhân 7 bằng 0 ; 2 trừ 0 bằng 2.
Bài 1: Tính
a)
\(\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{872}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,4}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{375}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,5}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{390}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,6}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{905}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,5}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{457}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,4}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{578}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,3}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{489}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,5}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{230}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,6}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\)
Hướng dẫn giải:
a)
\(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,\,\,872}\\
8
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
4\\
\hline
{218}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,07}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,4\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\underline {\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{32}\\
{32}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,375}\\
{35}
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
5\\
\hline
{75}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,25}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,25\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,390}\\
{36}
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
6\\
\hline
{65}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,30}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,30\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,\,\,905}\\
5
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
5\\
\hline
{181}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,40}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,40\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\underline {\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{05}\\
{\,\,5}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,\,\,457}\\
4
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
4\\
\hline
{114}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,05}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,4\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\underline {\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{17}\\
{16}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,1
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,\,\,578}\\
3
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
3\\
\hline
{192}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,27}\\
{\,\,\,\,27\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\underline {\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{08}\\
{06}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,2
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,489}\\
{45}
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
6\\
\hline
{97}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,39}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,35\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,4
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,230}\\
{18}
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
6\\
\hline
{38}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,50}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,48\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,2
\end{array}\)
Bài 2: Có 234 học sinh xếp hàng, mỗi hàng có 9 học sinh. Hỏi tất cả bao nhiêu hàng ?
Hướng dẫn giải:
Tóm tắt
9 học sinh : 1 hàng
234 học sinh : ... hàng ?
Muốn tìm số hàng xếp được ta lấy 234 học sinh chia cho số học sinh trong một hàng.
Bài giải
Có tất cả số hàng là:
234 : 9 = 26 (hàng)
Đáp số : 26 hàng.
Bài 3: Viết (theo mẫu)
Số đã cho |
432m |
888kg |
600 giờ |
312 ngày |
Giảm 8 lần |
432m : 8 = 54m |
|
|
|
Giảm 6 lần |
432m : 6 = 72m |
|
|
|
Hướng dẫn giải:
Số đã cho |
432m |
888kg |
600 giờ |
312 ngày |
Giảm 8 lần |
432m : 8 = 54m |
888kg : 8 = 111kg |
600 giờ : 8 = 75 giờ |
312 ngày : 8 = 39 ngày |
Giảm 6 lần |
432m : 6 = 72m |
888kg : 6 = 148 kg |
600 giờ : 6 = 100 giờ |
312 ngày : 6 = 52 ngày. |
Bài 1: Tính
a)
\(\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{350}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,7}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{420}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,6}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{260}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,2}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{480}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,4}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{490}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,7}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{400}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,5}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{361}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,3}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{725}\\
{}
\end{array}\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,6}\\
\hline
{}
\end{array}} \right.\)
Hướng dẫn giải:
a)
\(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,350}\\
{35}
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
7\\
\hline
{50}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,00}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,420}\\
{42}
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
6\\
\hline
{70}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,00}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,260}\\
2
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
2\\
\hline
{130}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,06}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,6\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\underline {\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{00}\\
{\,\,0}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,480}\\
4
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
4\\
\hline
{120}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,08}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,8\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\underline {\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{00}\\
{\,\,0}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,490}\\
{49}
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
7\\
\hline
{70}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,00}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,400}\\
{40}
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
5\\
\hline
{80}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,00}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,0
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,361}\\
3
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
3\\
\hline
{120}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,06}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,6\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\underline {\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{01}\\
{\,\,0}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,1
\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{l}
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,725}\\
6
\end{array}} \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
6\\
\hline
{120}
\end{array}} \right.\\
\underline {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,12}\\
{\,\,\,\,12\,\,\,}
\end{array}} \\
\underline {\,\,\,\,\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{05}\\
{\,\,0}
\end{array}} \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,5
\end{array}\)
Bài 2: Một năm có 365 ngày, mỗi tuần lễ có 7 ngày. Hỏi năm đó gồm bao nhiêu tuần lễ và mấy ngày ?
Hướng dẫn giải:
Thực hiện phép chia ta có :
365:7 = 5 (dư 1 )
Vậy năm đó có 52 tuần lễ và 1 ngày
Bài 3: Điền Đ hoặc S vào ô trống
Hướng dẫn giải:
a) Điền Đ vào ô trống
b) Điền S vào ô trống.
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