Cho hàm số \(y = f\left( x \right)\) liên tục trên \(\mathbb{R}\) sao cho \(\mathop {{\rm{max}}}\limits_{x \in \left[ {0;10} \right]} \,f\left( x \right) = f\left( 2 \right) = 4.\)...

* Hướng dẫn giải

Đặt \(t = {x^3} + x,\;x \in \left[ {0;2} \right]\).

\(t’ = 3{x^2} + 1 > 0,\;\forall x \in \left[ {0;2} \right]\), suy ra \(0 \le t \le 10\).

Ta có \(\mathop {{\rm{max}}}\limits_{x \in \left[ {0;2} \right]} \,g\left( x \right) = \mathop {{\rm{max}}}\limits_{x \in \left[ {0;2} \right]} \left[ {f\left( {{x^3} + x} \right) – {x^2} + 2x + m} \right] \le \mathop {{\rm{max}}}\limits_{x \in \left[ {0;2} \right]} f\left( {{x^3} + x} \right) + \mathop {{\rm{max}}}\limits_{x \in \left[ {0;2} \right]} \left( { – {x^2} + 2x + m} \right)\).

Mà \(\mathop {{\rm{max}}}\limits_{x \in \left[ {0;2} \right]} f\left( {{x^3} + x} \right) = \mathop {{\rm{max}}}\limits_{t \in \left[ {0;10} \right]} f\left( t \right) = 4\).

\(\mathop {{\rm{max}}}\limits_{x \in \left[ {0;2} \right]} \left( { – {x^2} + 2x + m} \right) = 1 + m\).

Suy ra \(\mathop {{\rm{max}}}\limits_{x \in \left[ {0;2} \right]} \,g\left( x \right) \le 4 + 1 + m = m + 5\).

\(\mathop {{\rm{max}}}\limits_{x \in \left[ {0;2} \right]} \,g\left( x \right) = m + 5 \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}t = {x^3} + x = 2\\x = 1\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow x = 1\).

Theo giả thiết \(\mathop {{\rm{max}}}\limits_{x \in \left[ {0;2} \right]} \,g\left( x \right) = 8 \Leftrightarrow m + 5 = 8 \Leftrightarrow m = 3\).